UPCYCLED & CO.
  • ABOUT
  • PAINT
  • WORKSHOPS
  • INSTRUCTIONS
  • SHOP
  • BLOG
  • FAQ
  • FREE

How to Choose a Furniture Paint Colour

1/5/2021

1 Comment

 
Picture
My students and customers often ask me, What colour do you think I should paint my bookshelf/coffee table/dining suite? Without seeing their decor, it's difficult to give advice, however there are some questions I ask to help them decide. 

Read More
1 Comment

Summer is here... It's time to spruce up your outdoor furniture!

17/11/2020

0 Comments

 
Picture
This week I've had great fun giving our cane furniture a makeover for Summer. A quick and easy project with two coats of Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint in Jet, followed by 7 days to fully cure (just back outside on the deck where they were), and they're done. ​

Read More
0 Comments

Our New Furniture Paint Colours This Spring

8/10/2020

0 Comments

 
Picture

It's been a while since we added colours to our range, so this Spring we will be adding several. From left to right we now have Moss, Off White, Sage and Sand.

Read More
0 Comments

How to Stencil Clothing

12/4/2020

0 Comments

 
Picture

Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint is so super-versatile you can even stencil clothing!

The first pair of three-quarter pants I did was right after I launched the paint in 2017. After painting them, I washed and dried them in the machine and drier. And guess what? The result was perfect.

Being at home in lockdown, I've had time to play around a bit more. This time I've did a Facebook LIVE showing you what to do.

It's so quick and easy... and great fun too!

Why not give it a go?
0 Comments

How to Create a Rustic Paint Finish

10/4/2020

0 Comments

 
During lockdown I've been doing so much more painting. It's been wonderful, and with plenty of time to reflect I have also been able to define my business offering, and how I will do it all. 

Yesterday I did a series of six Facebook LIVE videos showing you each step of the process I followed to create this rustic louvre door. It had been sitting in my garage for more than three years!

My favourite techniques are the textured and rustic ones and this is too. You can use this on anything at all including furniture, mirrors, vases, frames and small home decor items.

Come and see what I did over here on my Facebook page.

Make sure you watch all six videos. 
Picture
0 Comments

Step-by-Step Instructions to Paint Metal

26/3/2020

4 Comments

 
Picture
For quite some time I had wanted to change our dining room chandelier, but lights are expensive, and I was busy, so it just hadn't happened. It really was not one of my favourite things in our home.

Enter the start up of Upcycled & Co., my furniture paint and furniture painting workshop business in 2016. About this time, everything started to get painted; and I mean everything!

It was after I launched Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint in April 2017 that I took things up a notch, with even more painting projects getting underway. With my paint being an indoor and outdoor paint, and one that easily paints onto pretty much any surface, I now had the answer for our ugly chandelier. I would paint in it Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint in Jet, our gorgeous black.

Okay, so here's what I did step-by-step:
1. Clean well with a degreaser (prepsol or other) to remove all dirt and grime.
2. Apply one very sparse coat using the tiniest amount of paint and spreading it all over. You should still be able to see through this coat easily, and if you have the right amount of paint, it will dry as you are doing it. This gives the next coat something to stick to. 
3. Apply your second coat (and third if necessary) as normal. Depending on what colour paint you are using, and what colour you are painting onto, will determine how many coats you need. For example - if you're painting white onto a dark surface you will need more coats, as with any paint. 
4. Leave to dry and fully cure for 7 days (10 days in the winter months). You can also make a drying room in a spare room with a heater going to help with curing.
5. If you'd like extra shine (Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint is a low sheen finish) or if you'd like added protection, you can add a clear coat. For this I used British Paints Spray Easy Satin Finish which is available at Bunnings.
This was such a quick and easy project that only took a couple of hours. Using a texture finish (see picture bottom left above) made it easier to get in and around all of the small pieces that meet at the top of the chandelier. 
Picture
For more projects and inspiration, come over and join my Facebook group.
4 Comments

An Outdoor Upcycle With A Difference

29/1/2020

0 Comments

 
Picture

This was such a quick and easy project, it was all done in less than an hour.

Of course it had been on my list for a little while, which I'm sure you can relate to, so it was great to finally get it done. 

As you know, our paint is indoor and outdoor and suitable to paint glass, metal, plastic, concrete, wood, laminate, veneer and pretty much anything else. 

With this upcycle I literally painted straight over what was there because I didn't have much time, and I wanted to give Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint yet another test of its durability. Here's what I did.

Read More
0 Comments

A totally new look in... just 2 hours!

16/10/2019

0 Comments

 
This is a simple and inexpensive pine side table I purchased on Trade Me a couple of years ago. When I first painted it I quite liked it but I wasn't over-the-moon. Then I decided to go over it with Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint in White when I first started spray painting, and I didn't love that look either.

On a wet and windy winter's Sunday afternoon I was browsing through Pinterest (as us creatives do) and I got all inspired. So, I decided to paint it the same colour as the table I have in our hallway and now I love it!

​Click the images to see a larger version and scroll through.

Here's what I did:
1. Applied one thick coat of Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint in Linen all over.
2. Created texture using the brush and a hairdryer (check out the video here). You can create even more texture by half drying the paint, then brushing in a back and forth motion.
3. Dry with a hairdryer.
4. Water down my Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint in Vanilla using 50/50 water and paint.
5. Apply a washed effect over the entire piece (check out this video here).

So, so QUICK, EASY + AFFORDABLE!

And all done in just on 2 hours.

Until next time,
​Kathryn x
0 Comments

How to Mix Paint to Create Custom Colours

5/9/2019

0 Comments

 
When I launched Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint in 2017 it was important to me that my product made furniture painting QUICK, EASY + AFFORDABLE! To my mind, there were far too many products out there that not everyone could afford (by the time you bought paint, wax and other finishes).

Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint is a water-based paint that primes, paints and seals all at the same time making it affordable compared chalk paint. Our paint is not chalk paint and requires no wax or other sealer (it has its own sealer in the paint).

Create all of your favourite waxed, aged, smooth, antique, distressed, white washed, rustic, vintage, textured or chalk paint looks quickly and easily USING ONLY PAINT. 

And, of course you can create your own colours. I only launched 15 colours because I wanted to encourage you to mix your own and this video shows you just how simple that is!

Come on over and join our Facebook group, we've got more than 4,500 members who are always sharing projects and ideas. 

See you there,
Kathryn x
0 Comments

How to Paint using Texture, Layering & Colour

17/8/2019

0 Comments

 
Picture
Some time ago I bought two of these hearts (the top one and the bottom one) in this photograph. I knew I wanted three to hang on our wall and I struggled to find one that matched well. 

So, I did what I always do... I painted one to match the others.

This was a fun wee project and only took an hour. If you're wanting to see exactly how I did it, check out my Facebook LIVE from this morning.

Naturally, I used Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint in a range of colours - Latte, Linen, Ash, Jet, Chocolate, Gold and Silver. With a base coat of Latte, the other colours were then layered over each other until I got the colour I was looking for. Next I highlighted the crosses with a mix of Jet and Chocolate to make them stand out, as the design on the top heart is. After this, the crosses were next and they were painted in a layering effect of Silver, Linen, Gold and Ash. 

Often when we are trying to match colours is can prove tricky, and once I had finished the heart with the crosses, the other two needed some colours adding so the three all tied in well together.

What I always say to my workshop and tutorial students is this... We are all apprehensive when we are doing something new; face your fears and just do it. If it doesn't quite work out how you wanted it to, paint over it. Easy!

You might be surprised to know that I was a little nervous doing this live this morning without any practice at all. Yes, I was. Yesterday I almost had a practice on a piece of paper, but I thought, if it doesn't work out, I'll just start over. 

Have fun painting and come on over and join our Facebook group where we've now got more than 5,000 members.

Until next time,
​Kathryn x

0 Comments

Looking for Inspiration?

15/7/2019

0 Comments

 
I always find it hugely inspiring to look at other people's projects. Don't you?

​Many of my followers on my Facebook page, and in my Facebook group find the same. So, I thought I'd put together this little video with projects that some of my customers have done this year using Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint.

If you're new to furniture painting and want to give it a go, I always recommend starting with one small piece - a chair, small table, stool, maybe a tray or whatever feels manageable for you. Tackling a larger project like a dining room suite for bedroom suite takes a good chunk of time and starting with something small will give you the confidence you need to tackle the bigger pieces.

Come on over and join our Facebook page here for more ideas and inspiration.

Bye for now,
​Kathryn x
0 Comments

Furniture Painting Inspiration: Before & After Shots

6/6/2019

0 Comments

 
Looking at what others do with their furniture is something I always find inspiring. If you'd like to see more projects (all the time!), come and join my Facebook group, the Upcycled & Co. Community.

I just love to see my customers' projects; here are a just a few from the many!
Picture
Picture
Anne used a custom colour mix of Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint of two parts Aqua to one part Navy for this stunning upcycle. She then applied a semi-gloss water-based polyurethane to give it a higher shine.
​
Picture
Picture
Emma create this gorgeous table using Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint in Navy with a touch of Gold to highlight its features.
Melanie painted this dressing table in Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint in White and changed the handles. 
This cute wee table was painted by Emma in Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint in Jet. She added anaglypta wallpaper to the front to give the texture, then highlighted those parts using metallic paint.

So, if you're sitting on the fence when it comes to painting your furniture, why not give it a go with one small piece?

For more information about Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint, click here.

See you over in my Facebook group!

By for now,
Kathryn x
0 Comments

How to Create a White Washed Effect

3/5/2019

0 Comments

 
This really is the quickest and easiest way to apply Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint to anything.

The old teak chest pictured below has been around for more than 20 years so I decided it needed a bit of a spruce up. Literally, this took 3 teaspoons of paint and 30 minutes to do - it's that easy!

Here's what I did:
1. Gave the chest a good clean with warm soapy water.
2. Clean with a wet rag.
3. Watered the paint down 50/50 (it doesn't have to be exact).
4. Working section by section - paint one side.
5. Quickly remove the excess with a rag (it's easier to have a pile of small rags than one big one).
6. Leave to dry and cure for 7 days. 
​

This 30 year old teak chest from Early Settler is painted using Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint in White in this technique.
Picture

It's so super-easy and quick! 

You can get my FREE video tutorial on how to do this HERE!

Happy painting!

​Kathryn x
0 Comments

Spray Painting is Super-Quick... and Fun!

14/3/2019

12 Comments

 
This week I have been learning to spray paint... and oh boy what fun it is. I'm lucky enough to have a brother who has been a car and custom painter for more than 40 years, so there's no doubt about it, I'm learning from an expert. 

With a cute little spray gun (well, I think it's cute) he gave me, I have a wee play last weekend and painted our cane furniture to use outdoors over summer. I was so amazed at the speed and ease of painting with a spray gun that I kept saying over and over, "This is amazing! This is so quick. I love it!" I just couldn't believe it. And of course it gives such a beautiful finish too. 

Now I've been thinking about some of the comments I have had on social media like, "I'm jealous!" and "Is it difficult?", and it got me thinking. 

I really want to stress just how easy, and relatively inexpensive it is to get yourself set up to spray paint.

Here's what I have and what they cost:
- Small HVLP gravity feed (1.0mm) spray gun (this was a gift from my brother but there are loads on Trade Me) which is good for small items.
- A larger gun (1.4mm) is ideal for larger surfaces, e.g. table tops and the like $120. This can be used on smaller pieces too.
- Ryobi Compressor $249 from Bunnings.
- Gazebo $100 (to use as a spray booth) from Trade Me. This one is blue and in hindsight, a white one would have been better, but it's fine.

You will need to water the paint down by around 10-20%. Start with 10% and see how it goes, then add more water if you need to. Depending on how long your paint has been sitting, it may be quite thick and need more water.

If you think about the cost of the paint and the equipment, then compare it to buying a new house lot of furniture, there's no argument really. You could always go halves with a friend or family member too.

So far I've done a couple of small projects, but I have loads more to do. 
If you've been wanting to try spray painting, give it a go!

Watch this space, I may yet do a Spray Painting Workshop.

​Kathryn x
​
12 Comments

Bright, Light & Modern

12/2/2019

0 Comments

 
Picture
This week I showing you the steps to completing my third spray painting project since learning the techniques a few weeks ago. As I'm sure you now know, I'm pretty hooked on this spray painting... it's so easy, and so much faster than brushing.

These cabinets have been on my painting project list for quite some time so I was delighted to get them finished.

Of course these are painted in Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint (what else would I use!), this time in Ash, our gorgeous, and very popular light grey. Once you see the before shot you're really going to see just what a massive difference this upcycle has made.

Read More
0 Comments

I'm in LOVE with White!

22/1/2019

5 Comments

 
Picture
2018 has been a huge year here at Upcycled & Co.; the business has grown enormously and to say it's been busy is an understatement. Needless to say, there has been no time for my own upcycling projects... until now. 

I've had such fun getting some of our own furniture painted because these things have been on my to do list for a long time.

One of these projects was our teak TV cabinet. This cabinet I bought secondhand on trade Me a few years ago now when I had all dark stained furniture. It's solid and I really like the style, so it was time for a makeover, here's what I did...
​

Read More
5 Comments

Hawaiian Home Decor Inspiration

15/11/2018

0 Comments

 
Picture
We had the most amazing holiday in Hawaii in August.

Yes, the beach, landscape, food and people were amazing, but of course I had a keen eye on home decor and architecture. Everywhere we went I had the camera out...

And I wanted to share with you some of the amazing buildings and pieces we came across in our travels.

I've got quite a collection of photographs here to show you from various home decor stores, and buildings we visited.

​It really was a lot of fun! 
​

Read More
0 Comments

Colour... You're oh so lovely!

27/10/2018

0 Comments

 
Picture
I don't know about you, but I have always loved colour, in particular bright colours but really I love them all. 

When I launched Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint I had two main objectives:
(a) It had to be affordable for you my customers, and
(b) I wanted to empower you to experiment with creating your own colours.

​Yes, I could have launched 30 colours or even 40 or 50, but no matter how many I had in the range, there would always be one I didn't have.

What I wanted to do was teach you about colour mixing, and in this very short video, How to Mix Your Own Paint Colours, that is exactly what I do. You will discover that it is super-easy, and the options are endless. 

Check out our 15 gorgeous colours...

Read More
0 Comments

Inspiring Spaces: Number 4 Behind the Gate Bed & Breakfast

13/10/2018

0 Comments

 
You know how I love to visit inspiring spaces... and share them with you...

Well, a few weeks ago I was in the Hawkes' Bay to run my Furniture Paint 101 workshop and I stayed in this gorgeous bed and breakfast. It was such an inspiring space I wanted to show you my photographs.

Tucked away underneath the main house and North facing, the bedrooms looked out onto the beautifully manicured garden. I just loved how the space was cohesive and came together with different textures and layers that complemented each other perfectly.
​
Picture
Picture
Picture
Picture
Picture
Picture

Each room in this two bedroom apartment was beautifully decorated, and the bed linen was luxurious. It's the perfect space for a weekend getaway for up to four people.

Number 4 Behind the Gate is just a 3 minute drive to Havelock North. ​

Looking for furniture painting inspiration? Check out my before and after gallery HERE.

Until next time,
​Kathryn x
0 Comments

FREE Tutorial: How to Paint Metal

29/9/2018

0 Comments

 
Yes, you can even paint metal with Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint!

Some of the metal pieces I have painted include our dining room chandelier, light fittings and embossed brass-look metal wall plaques and they've all come up beautifully. You can also do vases, garden planters, chairs, tables and the list goes on...

Recently I put together this tutorial when I painted the new light fittings for our bedroom wall. 

Like all projects using Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint... 

​It's QUICK and EASY! ​


ORDER YOUR PAINT HERE
0 Comments

How to Create a Distressed Frame

18/7/2018

1 Comment

 
For those of you have attended one of my workshops you will have seen the photo frame I use for my price list. So many people ask me how I did it, so I thought it was the perfect thing to do a Facebook LIVE on.

The frame is one I purchased from a Dollar Store, and it was just $6.

Here's a sneak peak of the finished frame.
Picture

​And... here's the video tutorial...

This is such an easy process, and can be completed in 30 minutes easily. 

Have fun!

Happy painting,
​Kathryn x
1 Comment

Tutorial: Rough & Rustic

9/6/2018

1 Comment

 
A rough and rustic look is my favourite which ever way it is prepared.  

This particular one is super-easy to achieve and there really is no right or wrong way - it just turns out how it turns out. Easy! 

For this project I chose a side table I picked up locally for $60 so it was a real bargain, and the perfect piece for this technique. In this blog post I'm going to take you through the steps I took to get the look. 

Of course I've used Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint. It's a 3-in-1 furniture paint that primes, paints and seals meaning you do not need wax or varnish to finish your piece. This makes the process quicker and easier, and the best part, it makes it more affordable.

In April 2017 I launched Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint after noticing that it was quite expensive to use a chalk type paint by the time I had bought the paint and the coloured and clear waxes. I wanted to create a product that was more accessible for people due to the cost. Around six months before my launch I set about experimenting with paints and finishes; I wanted to create the same waxed looks, but just using paint and I knew there had to be a way. So, me being me, I found the way. I then spoke with paint manufacturers and found one who could provide what I needed, and as they say, the rest is history.

Designed to work with my Furniture Painting Workshop processes and techniques, Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint is hardwearing, and it's indoor and outdoor. 
​
Picture
Here's how I got the look:

STEP 1
Clean your piece well with warm soapy water. Use sugar soap if you have built up grime or dust. Remove any wax or furniture polish with rubbing alcohol, methylated spirits or mineral turpentine until it is gone.

​STEP 2
​Choose three colours (or two or more if you wish). For this table I have used Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint in White, Linen and Ash.
Picture
For this type of project, I use a chip brush. These come in a range of sizes and for this particular job I used the 75mm one which means
​you can cover a bigger area making it much quicker. 
Picture
STEP 3
Paint your piece all over, in all directions, with your base colour (I used White). This is the colour you will see a small amount of once you're project is finished. Because we are wanting lots of texture, it is important that you paint any which way, and use your brush to stipple as well (a stabbing motion with the tip of your brush on your painted surface). As you apply the paint, half dry it with a hairdryer, then drag your brush back and forth to create texture.

IMPORTANT: The thicker your paint (e.g. the more paint you use) the more texture you will get.

STEP 4
With your second colour (I used Linen and this one you will see a small amount of too, but it will blend with the other colours once your piece is completed), again paint in all directions, but this time, paint thick patches on your piece, randomly selecting areas to paint. Once you've got your patches on, again, half dry them with a hairdryer, then drag your brush over them to create more texture. 

STEP 5
Once you have both of your bottom coats on, give your piece a good dry off, either with a hairdryer or leave your piece a few hours in the sun or overnight in a warm room.

STEP 6
With your third colour (I used Ash) water your paint down slightly, then paint one coat over the whole piece, this time paint back and forth as you normally would. It doesn't matter if your piece is not completely covered (you may still see some bit underneath). Allow time for this coat to dry as above.

STEP 7
Using a sanding block and/or small pieces of 240grit sandpaper, rub the piece back to bring the underneath colours through. Again, this is random and you can do as much or as little as you like. Make sure you wipe away any dust using an old paint brush.

STEP 8
Wipe your piece over with a wet rag to remove all sanding dust. You may need to wipe it a couple of times. 

Picture
STEP 9
Now choose one of your colours (I used White) for your final coat. Water this paint down about 50/50 then brush it all over your piece (as in the picture above). This coat will dry quite quickly.

Picture
STEP 10
Once your piece is dry, distress the edges using 240 grit sandpaper to reveal the colours (and some of the wood) underneath.
​
Picture


​The great thing about this technique (and all furniture painting process for that matter) is that you're goal is to create something unique for your home. To my mind, furniture painting is not about creating something perfect that looks like it has come out of a factory, it's about having fun and enjoying the creative process. And if you don't like it when you're done... simply paint over it!

Find out more about Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint and my furniture painting workshops. 

Happy painting!

Kathryn x
1 Comment

Bright, Light & Oh So Pretty...

7/6/2018

6 Comments

 
Our bedroom makeover has been on my list for quite some time, and I was getting a little frustrated that I'd not had the time myself to get it done. So... I had an idea... as I do...

Engaging a dear friend to paint my, having seen her own beautiful projects, was the key to my quandary. 

And, needless to say, I'm absolutely delighted with the end result. With new linen and newly painted furniture our master bedroom has truly been transformed (just new wall lights and some artwork to go now).
​
Picture
Picture
Transformed!
Picture
Picture
Our bedroom furniture before...
Picture
New linen from www.queenb.co.nz.
These pieces of furniture were rolled which of course makes it super QUICK to transform. With just two litres of White paint used, this really is an affordable way to get a 'new' bedroom suite. 

A quick scout around on Trade Me and I found the gorgeous glass handles to add the finishing touch of texture and sparkle. At just $13.99 for a box of 10 they were a really great price too! 

Question: How could you transform your bedroom? Now that's got you thinking...
​
6 Comments

Inspiring Spaces: White Silk Bridal

9/4/2018

0 Comments

 
Today I had the absolute pleasure of meeting the incredibly talented Nicky Hayward at White Silk Bridal at the Historic Village in Tauranga.

If you love inspiring spaces, this is one place to visit, even if you're not looking for a wedding dress. I'm sure you will love the design of her space, her furnishings and her exquisite gowns and shoes, just as much as I did. It's such a gorgeous space, I didn't want to leave!

​Enjoy these photographs I took!
​
Picture
Picture
Picture
Picture
Picture
Picture
If you've got an inspiring space I can visit, please get in touch and I'll put it on my list!
Picture
0 Comments

Beautiful Bedsides by Miranda

7/3/2018

0 Comments

 
Miranda has been along to a couple of my furniture painting workshops now, and one of her creations is this gorgeous little bedside.

I think you'll agree that it looks nothing like it originally did and has come up beautifully in Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint in Jet & White.

Projects like this are so quick and easy! 

Simply take it apart to paint it, apply 2-3 coats depending on how you are applying it and you're done. With no preparation required, other than sanding any loose paint or varnish, she went straight ahead and painted over the piece. After leaving it to cure for 7 days before putting it back together, she has a bedside cabinet that looks amazing.

Here are some things to watch for:
1. Be aware that you may have trouble closing drawers if your paint is too thick. To fix this, simply sand them back a little and apply a thin coat. If they stick, use candle wax to help them slide easily.
2. If you use your piece (or put it back together) before the curing time of 7 days, your piece may chip or scratch easily.
3. You can create custom colours too, and we have a colour mixing tutorial that is part of Furniture Paint 101.
4. Always think about the colour of the room your piece is going into to see what will tone in the best. 
Picture
Picture
After
Before
Great job Miranda, this looks awesome!

For more inspiration and ideas, check out our FREE Facebook Group. 


0 Comments
<<Previous

    Author

    Picture
    Hi I'm Kathryn,
    ​You're going to love how QUICK, EASY + AFFORDABLE it is to transform your furniture. With 
    Upcycled & Co. Furniture Paint, a 3-in-1 that primes, paints and seals (it's not chalk paint) you won't need to sand, prime, wax or seal - just paint and you're done.

    I'm super-passionate about sharing what I know about furniture painting to make it easy for you.

    If you'd love to start a creative business I can help with that too, simply click here.

    Enjoy!
    Picture
FIND US ON FACEBOOK
FOLLOW US ON FACEBOOK

What OUR CUSTOMERS say

Practising furniture painting techniques boosted my confidence and creativity.
​Jo Wiggett

I love the finish; it's more hard wearing than others and I don't have to wax!
Rebecca Lucas

Look out furniture... the workshop was amazing! 
Rachel Morris

Connect


info@upcycledandco.com
​Terms & Conditions     Contact     Login
FOLLOW US ON INSTAGRAM
© ​Copyright Upcycled & Co. 2023
Photo used under Creative Commons from mauxditty
  • ABOUT
  • PAINT
  • WORKSHOPS
  • INSTRUCTIONS
  • SHOP
  • BLOG
  • FAQ
  • FREE